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Western (immuno) blotting

Western blots of IP samples. The protein of interest has a similar size as the IgG heavy chains (~45 kDa). The secondary antibody reacts with the IgG heavy chains in the gel and masks the signal of the primary Ab used in WB. Is there a workaround?

Yes, there are two options:

  1. First of all, theoretically this should not be a problem when the antibodies (Ab) used for IP and WB are from different species (e.g. rabbit Ab for IP and mouse Ab for WB; detection with a labelled ani-mouse antibody that does not react with rabbit IgG heavy chains). However, as a matter of fact, some secondary Abs may x-react with IgG of other species, resulting in a residual reactivity with the abundant heavy chains. Therefore, you should take care to select a perfectly pre-absorbed secondary antibody.
  2. If both IP and WB are done with (the same or different) rabbit Ab(s), you may use labelled protein A instead of a anti-rabbit Ab for detection. In our hands 125I labelled protein A  proved absolutely non-reactive with Ab heavy chains separated by SDS PAGE. Protein A labelled by peroxidase should work as well. However, there are some reports that certain brands or lots may show some residual reactivity with denatured heavy chains.

Last update on 09.08.2011 by Matthias Reinhard.